7 papers which look at the development of archaeology as a discipline through international archaeological congresses. Topics include the first CIAAP congress and the birth of prehistory as a discipline; the work of the 15th CIAAP congress in reinvigorating and reorganizing the discipline after the First World War; the importance of Floris Romer in bringing the 1876 International Congress of Prehistory to Budapest; a reassessment of the CIAAP"s significance in Germany; the role of congresses in institutionalizing prehistoric research from 1866-1912; the influence of the natural sciences on the early archaeological congresses; and the communication of the first archaeological discoveries at Cucuteni (1885-89)