Rukopis" posvyashchena aktual"noy probleme neonatologii - klinike, diagnostike i lecheniyu anemiy u nedonoshennykh detey. Anemiya yavlyaetsya naibolee chastym patologicheskim sostoyaniem u detey. V pervye mesyatsy zhizni u nedonoshennykh detey s gestatsionnym vozrastom menee 32 nedel" tyazhelaya anemiya, trebuyushchaya korrektsii, sostavlyaet do 90% -100% sluchaev, a na pervom godu zhizni razvivaetsya prakticheski u 100% nedonoshennykh detey. Rannyaya anemiya nedonoshennykh stala ser"eznoy problemoy sovremennoy neonatologii, a nedonoshennye novorozhdennye s nizkoy massoy tela — potentsial"nymi patsientami dlya provedeniya nebezopasnykh transfuziy v pervye mesyatsy zhizni. Perelivanie komponentov allogennoy krovi naryadu s lechebnym effektom neset risk oslozhneniy. Mirovoy tendentsiey transfuziologii yavlyaetsya restriktivnaya taktika naznacheniya komponentov krovi – tol"ko po pokazaniyam i v situatsii, kogda bez perelivaniya krovi klinicheskiy prognoz ukhudshitsya. Shirokoe ispol"zovanie gemotransfuziy u nedonoshennykh detey sopryazheno s riskom peredachi virusnykh infektsiy, a takzhe ugrozoy depressii eritropoeza, poetomu poisk al"ternativnykh gemotransfuziyam metodov profilaktiki i lecheniya ranney anemii nedonoshennykh yavlyaetsya aktual"noy problemoy.