This book examines the problem of islet transplant failure from an entirely new perspective based on the view that there exist a number of important interrelationships in the pancreas that contribute to islet function and survival. The emphasis of this volume is on a more holistic approach to the islet; an approach that incorporates the basic understanding of immunology and the problems related to islet isolation, but that then transcends these issues to arrive at a new paradigm upon which to base future transplant efforts.