This brief introduction presents some of the finest examples of visual art produced in the Middle East. Ruba Kana"an explores some of the key themes and debates by examining ten masterpieces created between the 8th and 17th centuries. These include a mosque, a palace, a decorated Qur"an, an enamelled glass beaker, a ceramic bowl, a brass incense burner, two illustrated manuscripts, a carpet, and a velvet textile. As she discusses each object, Kana"an highlights individual artistic styles, techniques and interpretations, while explaining the broader regional and historical contexts. These ten works of art reflect not only the technical and artistic excellence of Muslim societies, but also the ever-changing relationship between art and faith.