ELA is a versitile instrument for the assessment, remediation and/or training of: a. Adults with a language or speech impairment sequel to brain damage (aphasia, i.e. dysphasia, alexia, agraphia, dysarthia, apraxia of speech) b. Children with a delay in language development or a language impairment due to (minimal) brain damage c. Adults or children with other neuropsychological impairments as a sequential brain damage (memory disorders, attentional deficits, apraxia, neglect) d. Geriatric persons suffering from dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) or from other syndromes giving rise to dementia. e. Autistic children f. Hearing impaired children and adults g. Persons learning a second or foreign language h. (Psycho-)linguistic evaluation of syntactic abilities of healthy persons and of children in the process of acquiring their first language. ELA can be used effectively by cognitive rehabilitation therapists, psycholinguists, neurolinguists, neurologists, neuropsychologists, occupational therapists, psychologists, special education teachers, speech and language therapists, teachers of English as a foreign language and foreign language teachers.