This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1890 Excerpt: ...granite ashlar set in cement, and there is a red brick semicircular four-ring arch in cement mortar; on the top of the arch was a layer of 2 feet 6 inches of cement concrete, then 10 feet of lime cement, and the remainder of the pit was filled up with red earth deposited by a flood which had overtaken the work while the lime concrete was being laid. The water of the reservoir now covers the site of the shaft. The lime of the concrete showed in the fissures of the rock of the tunnel over 50 feet from the shaft, and there is a large growth of stalactites about the brick faces of the shaft filling. Inlet. The inlet to the tunnel at Tytam is shown by Plate 8, Figs. 6. The water is brought to a circular basin 10 feet in diameter by an 18-inch pipe furnished with a bell-mouthed end; it then flows over a flat stone and falls into a basin, being delivered into the tunnel over a gauge-weir 6 feet wide. This is made of galvanized cast-iron, with a gun-metal edge riveted on. There is a small pit, and an ordinary boiler water-gauge is fixed against the wall. In the pit are the valves of the pipes for emptying the tunnel, outer basin and circular basin; the pit also acts as an overflow, there being a 3-foot by 2-foot drain leading to the bed of the stream. The whole of the face-work and basins is of white granite, the retaining-walls being of random rock-faced work with a dado of fine-punched ashlar. The walls are stepped to suit the banksides. The archway into the tunnel is of very fine-grained white granite, obtained 8 miles from Tytam. The old face was irregular, and considerable difficulty was experienced in making up the bank. A retaining-wall with water-channel is built above the inlet, earth being rammed over the rough boulder formation to form a turfed slope; nu...