Successful industrialization requires a mixture of competition and co-operation. Some of the most outstanding cases of rapid development are those that have been significantly exposed to international market forces and yet have managed to develop the capacity and the institutions for domestic co-operation to make advantage of the opportunities provided by the world market. Market reforms that place exclusive reliance on competition may undermine the trust of key segments of society and may, therefore lead to a weakening of the social infrastructure or consensus necessary for sustaining reform and uninterrupted growth over time. The state can play a positive role in the development process. Its ability to perform a positive role, however, is not guaranteed by definition but depends on its organizational characteristics including the quality of its personnel, the degree of its internal cohesion and the degree of its autonomy or insulation from rent-seeking pressures. Globalization does not render the nation state obsolete. In fact, the ability to exploit the opportunities provided by globalization depends to a certain degree on effective state intervention designed to guide the market. In short, what is significant for successful development is the appropriate mix of the state and the market. These are some of the perspectives highlighted in the book and used as points of reference for a detailed and critical evaluation of Turkey"s experiment with neoliberalism during the post-1980 era.