This is a comprehensive health-assessment text which offers nursing students a visual and written account of the health-history interview, physical-assessment skills, and clinical-examination techniques. The IPPA (inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation) method of examination is applied to body systems for a detailed physical assessment. The ENAP format (examination, normal findings, abnormal findings, pathophysiology) is followed for every IPPA technique. Pathophysiology is included for each abnormal finding, acknowledging that nurses" clinical decisions need to be based on scientific rationale. "Think-about-it" and "ask-yourself" features encourage critical thinking, and review questions and activities with case scenarios offer self-assessment opportunities.