This module reviews the development of educational provision for children with Down syndrome. It details the research examining the outcomes from special and inclusive schools, and the factors relating to these outcomes. These studies indicate that appropriate education provided in inclusive settings offers the best opportunities for children with Down syndrome. Inclusion in mainstream classrooms produces significant gains for expressive language skills and academic achievements, particularly in literacy. The implication for parents is that they should seek inclusive education placements for their children from preschool years. However, the benefits require successful inclusion from committed educators. Some of the key issues that are relevant to successful inclusion are discussed.