Practical countermeasures and comprehensive check-lists to help reduce armed robbery and piracy attacks on merchant ships. It is a fact that most of the armed robbery and piracy attacks around the world occur in port areas, either alongside or at anchor. This book explains why and shows how shore authorities in the locations involved should undertake preventative actions. It includes practical countermeasures, both visible and organisational, and has a comprehensive check-list that"s helps identify and implement the most appropriate active response measures.