Norton Metalite Plus R265 abrasive flap wheels with a round shank are suitable for a smooth, consistent, chatter-free, low-pressure finish with a uniform rate of cut. Used on stationary or portable sanders, the flap wheel design offers a controlled removal of material, with minimal disruption of surface features. As the flap wheels wear away, they continuously expose fresh abrasive. The cotton backing is flexible, which allows it to move more with the surface of the workpiece. Cotton backing requires less pressure to use and is a durable material. Coated abrasives have individual abrasive grains spaced at a predetermined distance from one another. This is a closed-coat disc. A closed coat covers 100 percent of the surface with abrasive grains, for more stiffness and better surface finish than an equivalent open coat, where abrasive grit covers 50 to 70 percent of the surface. This disc features a resin bond. Resin bonds have good moisture resistance, are harder and less flexible than glue bonds, and have good heat resistance and grain retention. Resin bonds are useful for abrasive operations with high operating speeds, impact, and sudden loading, as the resin bond is strong and can withstand rough treatment. Use with molded rubber back-up pads, using a hard pad for aggressive cutting, a medium pad for general purpose applications, or a soft pad for contours and fine finishing work. Aluminum oxide is a widely used abrasive material. It is a durable, wear-resistant grit that works well with soft metals such as brass, as well as ferrous (iron-containing) metals such as stainless steels. Aluminum oxide abrasive grain is chosen for its versatility and can be used on many metals. Abrasives are used for a variety of applications from shaping a part to fine finishing, depending on the grit size. Low grit numbers like 40 are coarse and are used for removing excess material and shaping a part. High grit numbers like 400 are fine and help to create a smooth surface finish. Norton Abrasives manufactures a wide variety of sanding, sanding, and polishing abrasives, and has been located in the United States since 1885. In 1990, Saint-Gobain purchased Norton, keeping its manufacturing facilities and offices in the same location. Norton/Saint-Gobain has been recognized as a Global 100 Sustainable Company, as well as earning ISO 9000 and 14001 certification for quality and environmental management standards.