Diffuse Scattering - the use of off-specular X-Rays and neutrons from surfaces and interfaces - has grown rapidly as a tool for characterizing the surface properties of materials and related fundamental structural properties. It has proven to be especially useful in the understanding of local properties within materials. This new book reflects the efforts of physicists and materials scientists around the world who have helped to refine the techniques and applications of diffuse scattering. Major topics specifically covered include: Scattering in Low Dimensions; Elastic and Thermal Diffuse Scattering from Alloys; Scattering from Complex and Disordered Materials; and Scattering from Distorted Crystals.