This course of lectures - developed and taught at the Yale School of Management and the California Institute of Technology - introduces students to elementary concepts of corporate finance using a more systematic approach than is generally found in other textbooks. Within a simple logical framework, axioms are first highlighted and the implications of these important concepts are studied. These implications are used to answer questions about corporate finance, including issues related to derivatives pricing, state price probabilities, dynamic hedging, dividends, capital structure decisions, and risk and incentive management. Numerical examples are provided, and the mathematics is kept simple throughout.