A specialist in the field examines the subjects of risk analysis, risk reduction and risk management, as a comprehensive subject across an enterprise. The principles apply equally to all sizes and types of enterprise. Most organizations still deal with aspects of risk piecemeal, resulting in unchallenged risk, funds wasted in overlapping systems and a dangerous false sense of security. Historically, particular areas of risk might have been successfully addressed in isolation. Today, even the smallest enterprises automate processes and it is impossible to reliably divide operations in a way once practical. Quality management relates to health and safety, fire and crime protection can conflict, every activity involves personnel and large areas of activity involve complex networks of computer-based systems. Effective risk management must span all of these areas.