Comprising 7 chapters, this book comprehensively covers all topics of biotechnology. A unique, concise and up-to-date resource, it offers readers an innovative and valuable presentation of the subject. It has been carefully prepared to present the concepts with the help of diagrams, figures and tables. It covers the fundamental aspects and applications of biotechnology for the production of valuable products and services. Each chapter is presented in a simple and systematic way to provide a thorough understanding of the core principles of science, the interrelationships between biotechnology and other disciplines and how biotechnology affects our everyday lives. The basic concepts of each step to be followed in developing a biotechnology process are clearly explained and their functions are highlighted. A few recent developments in other fields have also been included to provide a contemporary understanding of the subject and the large domain of biotechnology applications. The last chapter contains some of the most recent examples of biotechnology applications such as green chemistry or environmental biotechnology. Finally the book presents an annex which contains some of the most important discoveries that led to the development of biotechnology today.