This text reviews the differential diagnosis, pathogenesis, and clinical management of COPD, plus specific treatment regimens, treatment of acute exacerbations, goals of therapy, prognosis, nonpharmacologic management, and smoking cessation. A main focus of the text is pharmacologic treatment of COPD, with results of major clinical trials for COPD medication agents reviewed. Pertinent clinical issues encountered in the management of COPD are discussed. Relevant consensus statements and guidelines on treatment are reviewed and critiqued.