Lipotriad Visionary was formulated based on the AREDS 2 Study conducted by the National Institute of Health-- the AREDS 2 study (Age Related Eye Disease Study) recommends 10 mg of Lutein, 2.5mg, Zeaxanthin plus Vitamin C, E, Zinc and Copper to slow the development of Adult Macular Degeneration (AMD). When taking this combination of nutrients the study has shown your reduce your risk of Macular Degeneration by 25%. Lipotriad Visionary is safe for smokers and contains no artificial color or dyes.