This policy discussion paper analyses the state of education and training in Britain"s prisons. Setting out its recent history and current changes it looks at issues of organisation and structure as well as those of teaching, learning, staffing, curriculum and quality. The paper highlights that, despite recent improvements, there is a number of flaws at the heart of the system. Recommendations for reform are outlined, which it is argued are well within our capacity as a nation to achieve as well as being in all our interests. They offer a view of an education and training system which would serve the Prison Service in its 21st century role.