This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1903 edition. Excerpt: ...the ground of validity of the inference? Dynamical geology is sometimes introduced before structural, sometimes after. The former arrangement seems better adapted to initiate the student into the thought of interpreting the phenomena of the earth"s crust as evidence of former changes. In my own lectures I have followed what seems to me a still better plan--that of mixing the dynamical and structural geology, so that each particular class of rocks or of rock structures is studied in immediate connection with the discussion of the agencies to which it is due. "Most schools are supplied with at least small collections of rocks and minerals. Even more important, though generally not provided, are specimens illustrative of processes in dynamical geology. And no museum, however complete, can take the place of excursions in the field." These papers were discussed by Professor Niles, of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, who urged the importance of teaching geology, on the ground that it gave a nobler mental training than chemistry and physics in themselves. He also urged the gathering of facts in such way that they would result in grand conceptions of the earth"s decelopment. Mr. A. G. Clement, of the Board of Regents, New York, said that in New York the physical geography teachers had found great help through numerous field excursions and the making of weather maps. 3. Outdoor Class Work in Geography. F. P. Gulliver, St. Mark"s School, Southboro, Mass. "There are two methods of conducting science work out-of-doors; one of these is the field excursion, and the other the field exercise. A large number of pupils can go on an excursion, while only a small number, ten or fifteen, may profitably take part in a field exercise. "Both methods tend to...