The second edition is completely revised focussing on the learning needs of the new MRCPCH clinical exam. It features the most common short cases with notes on examination technique, useful background information and summaries of cases seen in recent exams focussing on practical approach. Each chapter contains brief guide to examination of each system - a good memory aid for candidates. The communication skills section includes suggestions about how to practise, templates with different categories of tasks and worked examples. The History Taking section gives practical tips and pointers on taking a good history. Advice comes from direct experience of recruiting appropriate patients, briefing candidates, looking after both patients and candidates during the examination and listening to candidate feedback about cases and scenarios encountered.