This monograph studies the trends and stages in the transformation of the defense economy of the major states of the 20th and early 21st centuries. The authors analyze the transformation processes conditioned by quantitative and qualitative changes in military demand and ways of their satisfaction. They show how these changes resulted in forming a new type of military economy with absolutely new characteristics and a new type of relationship with the government of its country. This book compares Russian trends in military economy with other developed countries, and offers some suggestions about increasing the effectiveness of the Russian military economy. Contents and summary in English.