The tremendous increase in migrations and diasporas of human groups in the last decades are not only bringing along challenging issues for society, especially related to the economic and political management of multiculturalism and culturally effective health care, but they are also creating dramatic changes in traditional knowledge, beliefs and practices (KBP) related to (medicinal) plant use. The contributors to this volume all internationally recognized scholars in the field of ethnobiology, transcultural pharmacy, and medical anthropology analyze these dynamics of traditional knowledge in especially 12 selected case studies.