The PMBOK9(r) Guide – Fourth Edition continues the tradition of excellence in project management with a standard that is even easier to understand and implement, with improved consistency and greater clarification. Standard language has been incorporated throughout the document to aid reader understanding. New data flow diagrams clarify inputs and outputs for each process. Greater attention has been placed on how Knowledge Areas integrate in the context of Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring & Controlling, and Closing process groups. Two new processes are featured: Identify Stakeholders and Collect Requirements.