This book is in Russian.The book is devoted to the analysis of major trends, concepts and categorical apparatus of the modern philosophy of science. It is written in a synthetic genre: a monograph to express the author"s position as a training manual and conceptual vocabulary of the philosophy of science. In the first time in the world literature on the philosophy of science harmoniously combines the modern paradigm for the study of science and scientific knowledge. All material methodically divided into four sections: the various areas of the world the philosophy of science, ontology of science, epistemology, socio-cultural aspects of science and innovation. The breadth and originality of the author"s position makes the book remarkable phenomenon in the world literature on the philosophy of science. Recommended bachelors, masters, graduate students, faculty, academic staff, all who are interested in current issues of contemporary philosophy of science.