Saudi Arabia. A Country Profile
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Capital: Riyadh (estimated population 3.6 million).Major Cities: Population estimates for 2006 show continued growth for Saudi Arabia's majorurban areas: Jiddah (2.9 million), Mecca (1.6 million), Ad Dammam/Khobar/Dhahran (1.6million), and Medina (854,500). Mecca and Medina have religious significance that faroutweighs their respective populations.Independence: Following Ottoman dominance, Egypt controlled Arabia from 1818 to 1824. Forthe remainder of the nineteenth century, Egypt, Britain, and the Ottomans vied for control of theregion. On September 23, 1932, Abd al Aziz ibn Abd ar-Rahman Al Saud established theKingdom of Saudi Arabia. Unification brought together competing tribes into a modern state,covering an area approximating present boundaries.