Security and secure authentication is nowadays a spreading market. Biometry is today the more valuable way to identify and authenticate physical person. The same approach could be followed to authenticate valuable objects, such as banknotes, artworks and drugs packaging. This book wants to present the object authentication problem, the state of the art in object security and how a biometric approach can be used to increase security in object authentication processes. In particular the usage of intrinsic object characteristic inside a biometric paradigm has been called Hylemetry. The proposed approach will be demonstrated for a large set of different objects, starting from banknotes, the more counterfeited object in the world, since artworks of different natures, and eventually, with drug packaging, the emerging new frontier of counterfeiting.