Wireless Sensor Networks have the potential to revolutionize our society. They provide a low cost and accurate means of capturing information about our surrounding environment. Wireless sensor networks have already been utilized extensively in military and biomedical industries and they are slowly finding their way in other applications. Most of the existing sensor nodes in market have limited communication range and therefore cannot be used in environmental monitoring applications. This book takes a practical approach to the development of long range wireless sensor platform which can be used in environmental monitoring applications. This sensor node is capable of covering hundreds of kilometers by utilizing a proprietary mesh protocol .The art of sensor node development is investigated from both hardware and software perspectives.