High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! The encoding specificity principle provides a framework for understanding how contextual information affects memory and recall. The principle, proposed by researchers Thompson and Tulving, states that memory is most effective when information available at encoding is also present at retrieval. The principle explains why a subject is able to recall a target word as part of an unrelated word pair at retrieval with much more accuracy when prompted with the unrelated word than if presented with a semantically related word that was not available during encoding. In addition, people benefit equally from a weakly related cue word as from a strongly related cue word during a recall task, provided the weakly related word was present at encoding. Specific encoding operations determine what is to be stored, which in turn verifies which retrieval cues are effective in providing access to that which was stored. Данное издание представляет собой...