Scattered across the Middle East and Mediterranean are the ruins of castles, walls and towers, fragments of history that reflect the terrible struggles of the Crusades. From the beginning of the First Crusade in 1096 to the final fall of Cyprus in 1570 the Crusader States existed in a hostile environment both as aggressors and defenders, to which their fortifications stand testament. From imposing castles to lonely towers on rocky outcrops and crumbling city walls, these fortifications are a lasting memorial to a tumultuous time and David Nicolle has created a comprehensive and vivid guide to their history, context and use. Формат: 20 см x 25 см.