Recommencing the Revolution, volume 3 of Cornelius Castoriadis’s Political and Social Writings, offers an extraordinary wealth and variety of writings from the crucial years that followed the publication of Castoriadis’s landmark text, Modern Capitalism and Revolution. The “new orientation” he proposed for the Socialisme ou Barbarie group centered on the emerging roles of women, youth, and minorities in the growing challenge to established society in the early sixties. Resistance within the group to this new orientation led Castoriadis to criticize the “neopaleo-Marxism” of Jean-Francois Lyotard and others who ultimately left Socialisme ou Barbarie. A heightened concern for ethnological issues culminated in what might be called, to the embarrassment of today’s “poststructuralists,” Castoriadis’s “premature antistructuralism.” Additional texts examine the dissolution of the group itself and analyze the May 1968 rebellion of workers and students—who, according to their own testimony,...